Profitability, Listing Age, Auditor Reputation, and Internet Financial Reporting in Indonesian Energy Companies

Abstract

This study examines the relationship between profitability, listing age, auditor reputation, and Internet Financial Reporting (IFR) among energy companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) during 2021–2025. Secondary data were collected from financial statements and corporate websites. Purposive sampling yielded 33 companies and 165 firm-year observations. After removing 16 outliers and one observation due to the Cochrane-Orcutt correction, 148 observations were analyzed using multiple linear regression in SPSS version 24. IFR was measured using content, timeliness, technology, and user support indicators, while profitability was measured by Return on Assets (ROA), listing age by years since the initial public offering, and auditor reputation by Big Four affiliation. The results indicate that profitability has no significant relationship with IFR (B = −0.014, p = 0.431), whereas listing age (B = 0.003, p < 0.001) and auditor reputation (B = 0.019, p = 0.043) have significant positive relationships. The three variables are jointly significant (F = 21.736, p < 0.001), explaining 29.7% of IFR variation (adjusted R² = 0.297). These findings suggest that longer-listed companies and firms audited by Big Four accounting firms demonstrate higher IFR disclosure, while profitability is not significantly associated with IFR. Although limited to profitable energy companies, three predictors, and pooled observations, this study contributes evidence from the first five years of the energy sector as a separate IDX-IC category and provides practical insights for improving corporate financial transparency and supporting investor evaluations.

Keywords

Auditor Reputation Internet Financial Reporting Listing Age Profitability Signaling Theory