The Influence of Leadership, Workload and Work Environment on Nurse Performance Through Organizational, Citizenship Behavior at Muhammad Sani hospital

Abstrak

Purpose: This study examines the effects of leadership, workload, and work environment on nurse performance through OCB as a mediating variable at Muhammad Sani Hospital.

Methodology/approach: The study uses a quantitative approach with survey methods, collecting primary data through questionnaires distributed to 180 nurses. Data were analyzed using Structural Equation Modeling–Partial Least Squares (SEM-PLS) with SmartPLS 4.0 to assess both direct and mediating effects among variables.

Results/Findings: Leadership, workload, and work environment do not directly affect nurse performance, but OCB has a significant positive impact and mediates the effects of workload and work environment on performance.

Conclusions: Nurse performance improves mainly through strengthening OCB. Supportive environments and balanced workloads foster OCB, while leadership should focus on encouraging cooperative behaviors to enhance service quality.

Limitations: The study was limited to one hospital, so results may not apply broadly. Future research should include more hospitals and additional factors like job satisfaction or commitment.

Contribution: This study highlights OCB as a key mediator in performance improvement and offers practical insights for hospitals to enhance nurse performance through better leadership, workload balance, and supportive environments.